Reports and Indices Current Affairs MCQs

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The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) recently released the first State of the World’s Animal Health report. It highlights that infectious animal diseases are now spreading to new regions and species, with 47 percent having zoonotic potential, meaning they can spread to humans. In 2024, Bluetongue virus affected 3,517 cases in 23 countries, and Germany saw its first foot-and-mouth disease outbreak since 1988. Between 2005 and 2023, nearly half the WOAH-listed diseases reported were zoonotic, posing a risk to human health. The report warns that climate change and global trade are key drivers behind the rising spread of these diseases. Preventing diseases reduces the need for antibiotics and helps fight antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which could cause huge losses. By 2050, AMR could result in livestock loss, threaten food for two billion people, and cause a US$100 trillion economic loss.

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On June 5, 2025, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the 8th edition of “EnviStats India 2025: Environment Statistics” during a national workshop in New Delhi. The report follows the Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics (FDES) 2013 and compiles data from various ministries and departments. Inland fish production rose from 61.36 lakh tonnes to 139.07 lakh tonnes, showing strong aquaculture growth. The publication includes data on Ramsar sites, population access to electricity, transport, sanitation, and environmental temperature changes. The highest government expenditure was on the Environment Sustainability Sector with Rs. 2433.24 crore in 2021-22.

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The World Energy Investment report 2025 is released by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Global energy investment in 2025 is projected to reach a record $3.3 trillion according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Investment report. Investment in clean energy like solar, nuclear, grids, storage, and efficiency is set to hit $2.2 trillion, which is double the amount invested in fossil fuels. China leads global energy investment, spending nearly as much as the European Union and the United States combined.

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The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) released its 2025 State of World Population (SOWP) Report titled ‘The Real Fertility Crisis’. It highlights that one in three adult Indians face unintended pregnancies. It also states that 30% of Indians experience unfulfilled desires to have more or fewer children. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) was created to support population and reproductive health programmes. Its mission is to ensure every pregnancy is wanted, childbirth is safe, and youth potential is fulfilled.

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The World Bank released the State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025 as carbon pricing now covers 28% of global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and raises over $100 billion in revenue. Carbon pricing attaches a cost to emitting GHGs to encourage emission reductions and reflect environmental costs. There are 80 active carbon pricing instruments, up from 5 in 2005, including Emissions Trading Systems (ETS), carbon taxes, and carbon credit markets. India introduced ETS rules in 2024 for its industrial sector, using rate-based benchmarks instead of emission caps.

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The Global Drought Outlook 2025 was recently released by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It warns that 40% of the world’s land area now faces more frequent and severe drought. Recent major droughts occurred in Europe (2022), California (2021), and the Horn of Africa including Somalia. The economic cost of an average drought is rising by 3% to 7.5% annually. Countries like India and Australia may face disruptions in hydroelectric power generation due to water shortages.

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According to the recently released Global Liveability Index 2025 by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), the global average liveability score remained 76.1 out of 100, the same as last year. Copenhagen became the world’s most liveable city in 2025, ending Vienna’s three-year lead by scoring perfectly in stability, education, and infrastructure. Damascus continued to be the least liveable city globally. The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) assessed 173 cities using 30 indicators grouped into factors like stability, healthcare, culture, environment, education, and infrastructure. The index shows how comfortable and liveable each city is for its residents.

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Recently, NITI Aayog released the third edition of its quarterly insights series, Future Front, titled India’s Data Imperative: The Pivot Towards Quality, in New Delhi. The report highlights the urgent need to improve data quality for stronger digital governance, better public trust, and efficient service delivery. It discusses the major issues caused by poor data quality and suggests simple and practical tools to improve it.

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Recently, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the Financial Stability Report for June 2025. The Financial Stability Report is a twice-yearly report by the Reserve Bank of India. It shows the joint assessment of the Sub-Committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council on risks to financial stability and the strength of the Indian financial system. The report highlights that India continues to drive global growth due to solid economic fundamentals and wise policies. Risks include geopolitical tensions, trade disruptions, and weather-related uncertainties.

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The North Eastern Region (NER) District Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Index 2023–24 was released by NITI Aayog and Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MoDoNER) with support from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). 85% districts in NER showed an increase in composite scores compared to the previous edition. All districts in Mizoram, Sikkim, and Tripura achieved Front Runner status (scores between 65 and 99). Hnahthial district in Mizoram topped the region with a score of 81.43, while Longding in Arunachal Pradesh scored the lowest at 58.71.