Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
Article 56 of the Indian Constitution states that (a) the President shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office: provided that-the President may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Vice-President, resign his office; the President may, for violation of the Constitution, be removed from office by impeachment in the manner provided in article 61; and the President shall, notwithstanding the expiration of his term, continue to hold office until his successor enters upon his office; (b) any resignation addressed to the Vice-President under clause (a) of the proviso to clause (1) shall forthwith be communicated by him to the Speaker of the House of the People.

Notes:
Prorogue: To discontinue a session of Parliament; Adjournment: suspension of parliamentary proceedings to another time or place; and Dissolution: end or termination of the Lower House of the Parliament.

Notes:
Prorogation means the termination of a session of the House by an order made by the President under article 85 (2) (a) of the Constitution. Pror-ogation terminates both the sitting and session of the House. Usually, within a few days after the House is adjourned sine die by the presiding officer, the President issues a notification for the proro-gation of the session. However, the President can also pror-ogue the House while in session.

Notes:
Article 101 of the Constitution of India lays down conditions for declaring a parliamentary seat as vacant. One of the conditions talks about absence of members from the house. If any MP is absent for a continuous period of sixty days (60) without permission, the house can declare his seat as vacant.

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Part VIII of Indian constitution deals with Union territories. Articles 239-242 under Part VIII deal with several provisions ranging from administration to High Courts for union territories. It also contains special provisions with respect to Delhi.

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The most senior judge in the Supreme Court is appointed by the President as the Chief Justice. Article 124 of the Constitution of India provides for the manner of appointing judges to the Supreme Court.

Notes:
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Article 32 (Right to constitutional remedies) as the most important article of Indian constitution-‘an Article without which this constitution would be a nullity. It is the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it’. Article 32 confers the right to remedies for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In other words, the right to get the Fundamental Rights protected is in itself a fundamental right.

Notes:
Article 144 of the Constitution mandates that “all authorities civil and judicial, in the territory of India shall act in aid of the Supreme Court.” It is, therefore, not permissible in our constitutional scheme for any other authority to claim that power in exclusivity, or in supersession of the Supreme Court’s verdict.

Notes:
Article 361, which comes under Part XIX of the Indian constitution, states: The President or the Governor of any state isn’t answerable to any court for the exercise of their power or any duties of his office. There cannot be any criminal proceedings against the President or the Governor of any state during the period when he/she holds the office. The President or the Governor of any state can not be arrested or imprisoned or imprisoned during his/ her term of office. There cannot be any civil proceedings against the President or the Governor of any state against any activity that he/she did in his/her personal capacity.

Notes:
Bhartiya Nyaya Samhita (BNS) was recently constituted as a more concise and organized version of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Decluttering various outdated sections of the IPC, the BNS has been streamlined to consist of just 20 chapters and 358 sections, in contrast to the 511 sections of the IPC. This restructuring has made it more transparent and will hopefully ensure the efficient functioning of the justice system.