Economics Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations
Economics Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for General Studies and GK preparation of SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
11. In economy, which among the following can be measured by calculating concentration ratios?
[A] Devlopment
[B] Inflation
[C] Competition
[D] Social Security
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Competition]
Notes:
Competition is generally measured by calculating concentration ratios. Concentration ratios indicate whether an industry consists of a few large firms or many small firms. Two of the most commonly used metrics are the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI) and the N-firm concentration ratio.
12. A transfer payment is a payment that is __:
[A] made by the government to its current workers
[B] made to people who are needy
[C] For in-kind services provided to the government
[D] For which no services or goods are rendered
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ For which no services or goods are rendered ]
Notes:
Transfer Payment is the payment exchanged for return of no goods or services. It generally describes the welfare expenditure of the government such as subsidies, pensions, grants etc.
13. Which scenario best describes a Goldilocks economy?
[A] High inflation, High economic growth
[B] Low inflation, High economic growth
[C] Low inflation, Steady economic growth
[D] High inflation, Low economic growth
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Low inflation, Steady economic growth]
Notes:
A Goldilocks economy signifies a balance of low inflation and steady growth, avoiding extremes. The term is widely used in macroeconomics to represent optimal conditions for policy makers. It is named after the fairy tale character Goldilocks, indicating “just right” economic conditions.
14. Which of the following curves represents the demand of all consumers in the market taken together at different levels of the price of the good?
[A] Monotonic
[B] Indifferent
[C] Market demand
[D] Diminishing
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Market demand]
Notes:
The market demand curve is the summation of all the individual demand curves in a given market. It shows the quantity demanded of the good by all individuals at varying price points.
15. On the basis of distribution, resources can be classified into which of the following?
[A] Potential resources
[B] Ubiquitous resources
[C] Actual resources
[D] Abiotic resources
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ubiquitous resources]
Notes:
A ubiquitous resource is a natural resource that is available just about anywhere you live. Air, wind, water are all ubiquitous resources. Localized resources are natural resources only found in certain places.
16. Which among the following is an example of micro-economic variable?
[A] National Income
[B] Consumer’s Equilibrium
[C] Aggregate Supply
[D] Employment
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Consumer’s Equilibrium]
Notes:
Microeconomic variables are those patterns or elements that can be used to describe the behavior of a person or an individual economic unit, like a business. Eg. Consumer’s Equilibrium.
17. In which of the following market forms a firm does not exercise control over price?
[A] Monopoly
[B] Mixed Competition
[C] Perfect competition
[D] Oligopoly
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Perfect competition]
Notes:
In economics, specifically general equilibrium theory, a perfect market is defined by several idealizing conditions, collectively called perfect competition.
18. Which of the following is an alternative way of representing the production function?
[A] Average Product
[B] The Long Run
[C] Isoquant
[D] The Short Run
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Isoquant]
Notes:
An isoquant is a firm’s counterpart of the consumer’s indifference curve. An isoquant is a curve that shows all the combinations of inputs that yield the same level of output. ‘Iso’ means equal and ‘quant’ means quantity.
19. Which of the following says that the marginal product of a factor input initially rises with its employment level. But after reaching a certain level of employment, it starts falling?
[A] Law of diminishing marginal product
[B] Law of variable proportions
[C] The Short Run
[D] The Long Run
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Law of variable proportions]
Notes:
The law of variable proportions states that as the quantity of one factor is increased, keeping the other factors fixed, the marginal product of that factor will eventually decline.
20. Which of the following is called GDP Deflator?
[A] Ratio of nominal to real GNP
[B] Ratio of nominal to real CPI
[C] Ratio of real to nominal GNP
[D] Ratio of nominal to real GDP
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Ratio of nominal to real GDP]
Notes:
The GDP deflator is a measure of price inflation. It is calculated by dividing Nominal GDP by Real GDP and then multiplying by 100. Nominal GDP is the market value of goods and services produced in an economy, unadjusted for inflation
