Algae Quiz

Notes:
The small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast cell is called a bud. The bud gradually.grows and gets detached from the parent cell and forms a new yeast cell. The new yeast cell grows, matures and produces more yeast cells. Sometimes, another bud arises from the bud forming a chain of buds. If this process continues, a large number of yeast cells are produced in a short time. When water and nutrients are available algae grow and multiply rapidly by fragmentation. An algae breaks up into two or more fragments. These fragments or pieces grow into new individuals. Spores are asexual reproductive bodies. Each spore is covered by a hard protective coat to withstand unfavourable conditions such as high temperature and low humidity. So they can survive for a long time. Under favourable conditions, a spore germinates and develops into a new individual. Plants such as moss and ferns also reproduce by means of spores.

Notes:
The organisms are called fungi. They have a different modes of nutrition. They absorb the nutrients from the bread. This mode of nutrition in which organisms take in nutrients from dead and decaying matter is called saprotrophic nutrition. Such organisms with saprotrophic mode of nutrition are called saprotrophs. Fungi also grow on pickles, leather, clothes and other articles that are left in hot and humid weather for long time.

Notes:
फिलीपींस ने उष्णकटिबंधीय तूफान नालगा से 72 मौतें दर्ज की हैं जिससे दक्षिणी प्रांतों में बाढ़ और भूस्खलन हुआ है। फिलीपींस में सालाना औसतन 20 उष्णकटिबंधीय तूफान आते हैं।

Notes:
The Philippines has recorded 72 deaths from Tropical Storm Nalgae that caused floods and landslides in southern provinces.
Maguindanao province was the most affected region with 67 people dead. Several people were injured and went missing. An average of 20 tropical storms hit the Philippines annually.

Notes:
In algae, sexual reproduction takes place through fusion of two gametes. It is of two types on the basis of the size of gametes : isogamous (where male and female gametes are morphologically similar) and heterogamous (anisogamous and oogamous). Anisogamous fusion happens when gametes are dissimilar in size.

Notes:
Bacteria, blue-green algae or cyanobacteria and mycoplasma are examples of Monera kingdom. The Monera kingdom contains unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as bacteria. They are single-celled organisms with no true nuclear membrane (prokaryotic organisms).

Notes:
Cephaleuros is a genus of parasitic thalloid algae comprising approximately 14 species. Its common name is red rust. The alga is parasitic on tea, coffee, mango and guava causing damage limited to the area of algal growth on leaves.

Notes:
Algae are classified into three main classes – Chlorophyceae (Green algae), Phaeophyceae (Brown algae), and Rhodophyceae (Red algae). These divisions are based on major photosynthetic pigments present, form of stored food, cell wall composition and number of flagella and position of insertion.

Notes:
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue green algae, are single-celled and belong to the family of Prokaryotes. That means, they do not have a well defined cell nucleus. The ability of cyanobacteria to perform oxygenic photosynthesis is thought to have converted the early reducing atmosphere into an oxidizing one, which dramatically changed the composition of life forms on Earth by stimulating biodiversity and leading to the near-extinction of oxygen-intolerant organisms.