Nutritional Intake in India Report
The Household Consumption Expenditure Surveys (HCES) conducted from August 2022 to July 2024 have shed light on the nutritional intake patterns across India. These surveys provide critical data on the consumption of food items and the resulting nutrient intake of the population. The findings are compiled in the report titled ‘Nutritional Intake in India’, which serves as a valuable resource for policymakers and researchers.
Survey Overview
The HCES aimed to assess food consumption patterns in households. It focused on calorie, protein, and fat intake. The surveys were conducted in two phases, covering both rural and urban segments. The data collected informs about the nutritional status of diverse population segments.
Caloric Intake Analysis
In both rural and urban India, the average per capita calorie intake showed a slight increase from 2022-23 to 2023-24. Rural areas recorded 2233 Kcal in 2022-23 and 2212 Kcal in 2023-24. Urban areas reported 2250 Kcal and 2240 Kcal for the same periods. The bottom fractile classes in both sectors experienced an increase in calorie intake, indicating improved food accessibility.
Nutrient Breakdown
The average daily intake of protein and fat also saw positive trends. In rural India, the protein intake was 61.9 grams in 2022-23 and 63.2 grams in 2023-24. Urban areas reported similar increases. Fat intake in rural areas rose from 59.7 grams to 70.5 grams, while urban areas recorded a rise from 60.4 grams to 69.8 grams.
Regional Variations
Significant variations in calorie intake were observed across states. Higher Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) correlated with increased calorie intake. The gap between the bottom and top fractile classes narrowed, reflecting a more equitable distribution of food resources.
Longitudinal Trends
Data from previous surveys indicate a gradual increase in both calorie and protein intake from 2009-10 to 2023-24. This trend marks ongoing improvements in food security and nutritional standards across India.
Protein Sources
Cereals remain the primary source of protein, contributing 46-47% in rural areas and about 39% in urban settings. However, there is a notable decline in the share of cereals over the years, offset by increases in protein from eggs, fish, meat, and dairy products.
Adjusted Nutrient Intake
Adjusted nutrient intake figures were marginally lower than unadjusted figures. This adjustment accounts for meals prepared for non-household members and market-purchased meals. The report emphasizes the importance of accurate nutrient intake assessment for understanding true dietary habits.
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