New Cyprinid Fish Species
The discovery of a new cyprinid fish species in the Brahmaputra river at Maijan, Dibrugarh, marks addition to the ichthyofaunal diversity of Northeast India. Named *Pethia dibrugarhensis* after its type locality, this species enriches the understanding of freshwater biodiversity in the region. The finding emerged from a systematic freshwater survey led by scientists from ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CIFRI) and Manipur University. It puts stress on the urgent need to explore and conserve aquatic ecosystems amid environmental challenges.
Discovery and Research Context
Scientists from ICAR-CIFRI’s Guwahati and Barrackpore centres, in collaboration with Manipur University experts, conducted the survey. The research was published in the international journal National Academy Science Letters by Springer Nature. The team included taxonomists specialising in cyprinid fishes. Their work marks the unexplored biodiversity within the Brahmaputra basin, a vital freshwater system supporting diverse aquatic life.
Taxonomy and Classification
*Pethia dibrugarhensis* belongs to the family Cyprinidae, commonly known as barbs. Barbs are small to medium-sized freshwater fishes native to Asia, Europe, and Africa. This species is classified as a barb due to its characteristic features, although it lacks some typical barb traits like barbels. The genus *Pethia* includes several species known for their ecological significance and distinct morphology.
Habitat and Ecology
The species was found in moderately fast-flowing sections of the Brahmaputra river. Its habitat features substrates of mud, sand, and stones. It coexists with various indigenous small fish species, indicating a healthy and diverse aquatic community. Such habitats are crucial for sustaining fish populations and maintaining riverine ecosystem balance.
Distinctive Morphological Features
*Pethia dibrugarhensis* is distinguished by an incomplete lateral line. It has a prominent black blotch on the caudal peduncle extending dorsally and ventrally. Unlike many barbs, it lacks humeral marks and barbels. These features help differentiate it from closely related species and confirm its unique taxonomic status.
Significance of the Discovery
This discovery marks the rich but underexplored freshwater biodiversity in northeast India. Documenting new species is essential for ecological research and conservation planning. It draws attention to the need for systematic surveys to protect aquatic species from threats such as habitat degradation and climate change.
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