New Bills of Lading Law 2025
The Indian Parliament recently passed The Bills of Lading Bill, 2025. This law replaces the old Indian Bill of Lading Act of 1856. It modernises and simplifies rules around shipping documents. The bill was approved in the Rajya Sabha by voice vote after the Opposition walked out. The legislation aims to make shipping processes more efficient and legally clear.
Purpose of the Bills of Lading Bill, 2025
The bill updates the legal framework for bills of lading. A bill of lading is a document issued by a freight carrier to a shipper. It records details like type, quantity, condition and destination of goods. The new law allows transfer of rights and liabilities to consignees and endorsees named in the bill. This means ownership and legal claims over goods can pass through endorsement or consignment.
Key Provisions and Legal Changes
The bill permits a bill of lading to be valid even if goods have not yet been shipped. This is intended to facilitate trade but raises concerns over potential misuse. The law clarifies how rights of suit and liabilities transfer with the goods. It also modernises procedures for handling disputes related to shipping documents.
Concerns and Debates in Parliament
Some MPs expressed worries about fraud risks. They pointed out that allowing bills without shipped goods might enable fake transactions or hawala practices. The need for strong accountability and legal clarity was stressed. However, the government assured that safeguards are in place and that further laws on electronic bills of lading will follow.
Exclusion of Electronic Bills of Lading
The bill does not cover electronic bills of lading (e-bills). The government plans to introduce specific legislation for e-bills later. This is important as shipping increasingly moves towards digital documentation.
Impact on India’s Shipping and Ports Sector
The bill aligns with the government’s Sagarmala programme to modernise ports and logistics. Improved legal clarity is expected to boost India’s maritime trade competitiveness. Ports are now better connected to rail and road networks, enhancing cargo movement efficiency. The new law supports India’s vision to become a global shipping hub.
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