The local voluntary organizations and NGOs have played an active role in environmental movements in India. They have their own set of advantages and challenges associated with them. Elaborate.

NGOs and local voluntary organizations are entities, whose primary motive is social welfare & these don’t have direct stakeholding by the government. They work in a variety of fields. Advantages: Non-bureaucratic attitude. Supplement to government efforts. Effective check on government apathy. Functions as whistle blowers. Better at mobilizing funds & resources. Attract international attention. Help ..

Topics: 040 - Pressure Groups and Formal Informal Associations • 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation

The Green Term Ahead Market (GTAM) can be a game changer for the renewable energy sector in India. Evaluate.

Renewable energy is the production of energy from sources which do not pollute the environment and which in theory are not at risk of depletion e.g., solar and wind. India as per world’s best practices has added hydro power to renewable energy. How renewable energy is promoted: Subsidy for companies for setting up plants. Finance ..

Topics: 076 - Infrastructure Energy Sector • 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation

Arsenic pollution has become a severe environmental problem in India. Enumerate its various source, also discuss the consequences and measures to tackle it.

Arsenic is a heavy inorganic metal pollutant that causes great damage to humans and various other ecosystems. Sources: Iron and steel smelting plants. Car plants. Mining sites due to leaching. Electronic plants as arsenic is used in circuits and semiconductors. Asbestos plants and factories. Nuclear power plants – used in fuel rods. Flyash of thermal ..

Topics: 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation

The need of the hour is to do away with traditional accounting methods like GDP calculation and move towards more comprehensive methods that accounts for Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services as well to establish link between economy and environment. In this context, discuss the initiatives taken by India.

Natural capital and Ecosystem services (NC&EC) refers to value stored in land, water, forest, and other natural resources, e.g. Forest – provisioning food, shelter, disaster resilience, etc. Accounting for natural capital and ecosystem services is crucial for realizing their importance, as well as understanding the economic link of environment with economy: Accounting in GDP – ..

Topics: 060 - Economic Growth Development • 062 - Inclusive Growth and Issues Arising From It • 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation • 084 - Environmental Impact Assessment

One of the greatest environmental challenges that the world is facing today is desertification and it is getting worse because of climate change. Discuss.

India hosted 14th COP to UN Convention on Desertification which brought to light concerns & challenges around desertification. Nearly 30% of India’s land is undergoing desertification. Desertification: An environmental challenge: Loss of biodiversity – biodiversity is always supported by land, e.g. Himalayan biodiversity is eroding due to desertification. Reduced ground water recharge due to tree ..

Topics: 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation • 084 - Environmental Impact Assessment • 085 - Disaster and Disaster Management

Though, there are various problems associated with single use plastics, a number of challenges needs to be faced after the blanket ban, on their use is imposed. Discuss.

Single use plastics refer to plastic that can be used only once and it cannot be recycled. They are discarded after their first use and end up into landfills, contributing to pollution. Problems associated: It is non-biodegradable. Plastics when burnt releases carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, Sulphur Dioxide, oxides of Nitrogen, and other harmful organic compounds. ..

Topics: 075 - Changes in Industrial Policy and Their Effects On Industrial Growth • 083 - Conservation Environmental Pollution Degradation