Modern Indian History & Freedom Struggle Questions (MCQs)

Notes:
The 1924 Kohat riots were major anti-Hindu-Sikh attacks in British India. During 9–11 September 1924, hundreds of Hindus and Sikhs were killed by Muslims in the Muslim-majority Kohat (near Rawalpindi) in NWFP. The entire Hindus and Sikh population had to flee the town to save their lives. Gandhi had undertook a 21-day fast in October 1924 for Hindu-Muslim unity.

Notes:
Chandrashekhar Azad shot himself on 27 February 1931 with his last bullet at the Alfred Park in Allahabad, after he was surrounded, and had valiantly defended himself and his colleague. An informer had tipped the police.

Notes:
Day of Deliverance or Youm-i-Nizat was a celebration by All-India Muslim League and others on 22 December 1939 to rejoice the resignation of all members of Congress party from provincial and central offices in protest over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter World War II alongside Britain. According to them, the Deliverance was the deliverance from the “misrule” of the Congress. This was a ‘Himalayan blunder’ of the Congress, and was Jinnah was determined to take full advantage of it.

Notes:
On 26 March 1946, a British Cabinet Mission, formulated at the initiative of PM Clement Attlee, arrived in India. It comprised Lord Pethick-Lawrence, the Secretary of State for India, Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade, and AV Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty. Viceroy Lord Wavell too was associated with it. On 12 May 1946, British Government’s Cabinet Mission published “Memorandum on States’ Treaties and Paramountcy” that envisaged bringing the political arrangements between the Princely States and the British Crown to an end, and for the rights surrendered by the States—defence, foreign policy and communications—to the British to revert to the States when a new fully self-governing or independent Government or Governments come into being in British India. Thus, with the withdrawal of Paramountcy, the Princely States were to become independent.

Notes:
Lado Rani Zutshi was the leading woman revolutionary of Punjab. She was active 1919 onwards and a member of Congress. She was appointed as 8th director of the War Council. Her daughter Manmohini Sehgal also took part in freedom struggle.

Notes:
Margret Kajins was an Irish women who worked along with Mrs. Annie Basant and strongly demanded the women franchise. She successfully fought for the woman’s rights and as a result of her pursuance ultimately.

Notes:
INA trial took place between November 1945 and May 1946 in the Red Fort, New Delhi. Colonel Prem Sahgal, Colonel Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon, and Major General Shah Nawaz Khan were the main accused. They were charged with treason, torture, murder and abetment to murder during World War II.

Notes:
Warren Hastings was succeeded by Lord Cornwallis as the Governor-General of India. He took the administration of criminal justice out of the hands of the Deputy Governor, who was a Zamindar,

Notes:
The Superintendents of Police were made to submit annual reports on all subsidiary police establishments to the magistrate in the year 1816. However, in 1829, the office of the Superintendent of Police was abolished.

Notes:
The Mofussil police force which was organised on a large scale after the Maratha war in 1817, consisted of three elements, the village police, the stipendiary district police and certain irregular corps. The Collector and District Magistrate was the head of the entire police organisation in the district.