Indian Culture General Studies MCQs
91. What are the religious texts of Jainism called?
[A] Agamas
[B] Tripitak
[C] Both of the above
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Agamas]
Notes:
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion. Followers of Jainism are called “Jains”. Their major religious texts are Agamas and Paramagamas.
92. By which of the following is Hinduism defined?
[A] Six darsanas (philosophies)
[B] Two schools
[C] Four major modern currents
[D] All of the above
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Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Hinduism is defined by six darsanas (philosophies) , namely, Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa and Vedanta, two schools, Vedanta and Yoga and four major modern currents, namely Vaishnavism (Vishnu), Shaivism (Shiva), Shaktism (Devi) and Smartism (five deities treated as same).
93. What is Vajrayana?
[A] A branch of Mahayana Buddhism
[B] teachings attributed to Indian adepts
[C] Tibetan Buddhism practiced in Mongolia
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Vajrayana is a body of teachings attributed to Indian adepts. It is viewed as a separate branch of Mahayana Buddhism. Tibetan Buddhism which is practiced in Mongolia, and Kalmykia preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth-century India.
94. The root of “Yoga” is found in hymn of which of the following Vedas?
[A] Rig Veda
[B] Atharveda
[C] Yajurveda
[D] Samveda
Show Answer
Correct Answer: 0 []
Notes:
The root of “Yoga” is mentioned in hymn 5.81.1 of the Rig Veda, symbolizing a dedication to rising Sun-god in the morning (Savitri), interpreted as yoke .
95. The ethical theory of the Yoga school is based on which of the following concepts?
[A] Yamas
[B] Niyama
[C] Both of the above
[D] None of the above
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Correct Answer: C [Both of the above]
Notes:
Yamas and their complement, Niyamas, represent a series of “right living” or ethical rules within Hinduism and Yoga. It means “reining in” or “control”. Together, Yamas and Niyamas are personal obligations to live well.
96. What does the term Yajurveda imply?
[A] knowledge text of prose mantras
[B] knowledge of sacrifice or sacrificial texts and formulas
[C] Both of the above
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both of the above]
Notes:
Yajurveda is made up of two sanskrit words yajus and veda . Michael Witzel interprets Yajurveda to mean a “knowledge text of prose mantras” used in Vedic rituals. Ralph Griffith interprets the name to mean “knowledge of sacrifice or sacrificial texts and formulas”. Carl Olson states that Yajurveda is a text of “mantras (sacred formulas) that are repeated and used in rituals”.
97. Satapatha Brahmana is part of which of the following Vedas?
[A] Atharvaveda
[B] Samveda
[C] Rigveda
[D] Yajurveda
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Yajurveda]
Notes:
Satapatha Brahmana is one of the largest Brahmana texts in the Vedic collection is included in the middle layer of Yajurveda.
98. Which of the following is considered as the major quality of Lord Buddha?
[A] Anuttaro Purisa-damma-sarathi
[B] Satthadeva-Manussanam
[C] Bhagavathi
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above ]
Notes:
A list of epithets,mentioned in Buddhist texts, describe some of his spiritual qualities:
Sammasambuddho – Perfectly self-awakened
Vijja-carana-sampano – Endowed with higher knowledge and ideal conduct.
Sugato – Well-gone or Well-spoken.
Lokavidu – Knower of the many worlds.
Anuttaro Purisa-damma-sarathi – Unexcelled trainer of untrained people.
Satthadeva-Manussanam – Teacher of gods and humans.
Bhagavathi – The Blessed one
99. Who proclaims himself to be the third avatar or incarnation of Vayu?
[A] Madhavacharya
[B] Adi Shankarachaya
[C] Sage Vyas
[D] Ramanuja
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Madhavacharya]
Notes:
In several of his texts, Madhvacharya proclaims himself to be the third avatar or incarnation of Vayu, the son of Vishnu. He, thus, asserted himself to be like Hanuman – the first avatar of Vayu, and Bhima – a Pandava in the Mahabharata and the second avatar of Vayu.
100. Who among the following believed that liberation or moksha is achievable only through the grace of God?
[A] Adi Shankaracharya
[B] Ramanuja
[C] Madhvacharya
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Madhvacharya]
Notes:
Madhvacharya’s philosophy is founded on the premise that there is a fundamental difference between Atman (individual soul, self) and the Brahman (ultimate reality, God Vishnu) whereby individual soul dependent is on Brahman. Liberation is achievable only through the grace of God.
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