The budget announcements for farmers / agriculture were focussed on the objective of doubling the farmers’ income in five years. Towards this, the key announcements made are as...
The key functions of a government budget are discussed below: Public Policy Document The budget serves as a public policy document expressed in money and is an embodiment...
Tax-to-GDP Ratio is obtained by dividing the GDP by gross tax collection. It’s an indicator of government income and is shown as percentage of GDP. Higher tax-GDP ratio...
The Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency (PARA) colloquially called “Bad Bank” is a proposed agency to assume the Non-Performing Assets (NPA) of public sector banks in India and...
Cash-to-GDP Ratio or Currency in Circulation (CIC) to GDP Ratio or simply currency-to-GDP ratio shows the value of cash in circulation as a ratio of GDP. Implications of higher Cash-GDP Ratio There are...
Demographic Dividend refers to a demographically linked economic boost caused by a rise in the working age population {15-59 years or in some cases 15-64 years} and consequent...
The trade-to-GDP ratio is obtained by dividing trade over a period by GDP of same period. It is expressed as percentage of GDP. It is also used as a measure...
Credit means loan and credit expansion means that people are taking more loans. The increase in loans for the private sectors, individual, and public organisations is credit expansion....
Total Social Financing (TSF) is a liquidity measurement tool used in China since 2011. It has become prominent in recent times as a measure of monetary policy in...
In this chapter, the survey has focussed on “urbanization” and “competitive sub-federalism” with respect to cities and districts of the country. It has also discussed the challenges faced...
