Upaveda

In Hinduism the term upaveda  or Upved refers to traditional sciences / technical literature which have no connection whatever with the Sruti or revealed Veda. The four upavedas are Dhanurveda, Gandharvaveda, Ayurveda and Arthashastra. Some schools hold Sthapatyaveda as fourth Upaveda in place of Arthashastra.

  1. Dhanurveda refers to the science of warfare and is associated with Yajur Veda.
  2. Gandharvaveda deals with various aspects of aesthetics including art-forms like music, dance, poetry, sculpture, erotica etc. It is associated with Samaveda.
  3. Ayurveda is the science of health and life and is associated with Atharvaveda.
  4. Arthasastra deals with public administration, governance, economy and polity. It is associated with Atharvaveda.
  5. Sthapatyaveda relates with engineering and architecture. It is also associated with Yajur Veda.

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