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UPSC Prelims 2027 CGS Test-18
UPSC Prelims 2027 CGS Test-18
1. With reference to fighter aircraft in India, consider the following statements:
- Su-30MKI, Rafale and Jaguar all have two engines.
- Tejas and Mirage 2000 both have one engine.
- Tejas LCA and Mirage 2000 both have delta-wing configurations.
- Rafale and Mirage 2000 are purely French in origin, while Jaguar is a joint India-Russia development.
How many of the above statements are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Only 3
[D] All 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only 3]
Notes:
Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct: the Su-30MKI, Rafale and Jaguar are twin-engine aircraft; Tejas and Mirage 2000 are single-engine aircraft; and both Tejas and Mirage 2000 have delta-wing configurations. Statement 4 is incorrect because Jaguar was jointly developed by British and French companies. The Su-30MKI, not the Jaguar, is a Russia-India collaboration.
2. What is the difference between Make-I and Make-II in the Defence Procurement Procedures in India?
- Make-I provides government financial support for eligible prototype development by industry, while Make-II is industry-funded without government funding for prototype development.
- Make-I requires an assured minimum order before prototype development begins, while Make-II guarantees procurement only after successful prototype trials.
Select the correct option from codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
Under the DAP 2020 framework, Make-I provides government financial support for eligible industry prototype development, whereas Make-II is funded by the industry without government funding for prototype development. Statement 2 is incorrect because DAP 2020 requires the Statement of Case to specify a Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) for both Make-I and Make-II cases, and it expressly states that under Make-II there is an assurance of orders on successful development and trials of the prototype.
3. Consider the following statements about Indian defence public sector undertakings:
- Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) produces aircraft, helicopters as well as engines.
- Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) produces radars as well as electronic-warfare equipment.
- Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) produces guided missiles as well as underwater weapons.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] Only 2 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 and 3]
Notes:
All three statements are correct. HAL manufactures aircraft, helicopters, and engines, while BEL produces radars and electronic-warfare equipment. BDL is associated with guided missiles and related weapon systems, including underwater weapons such as the Varunastra anti-submarine torpedo and the lightweight TAL torpedo.
4. Consider the following pairs of major defence technology transfer agreements of India and the respective countries:
| No. |
Item |
Country |
| 1 |
AK-203 rifle production |
Russia |
| 2 |
Project-75 Scorpene submarines |
United States |
| 3 |
C-295 aircraft manufacturing programme |
France |
| 4 |
T-90 tank technology transfer |
Israel |
How many of the above pairs are correct?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only one]
Notes:
Only the AK-203 rifle production pair is correct: the Indo-Russian Rifles joint venture involves Russian technology transfer and local production. Project-75 Scorpene submarines were built with technology from France, not the United States. The C-295 programme involves Spain, not France. T-90 tank technology transfer came from Russia, not Israel. Therefore, only one pair is correct.
5. Consider the following National Highway projects:
- Sela Tunnel project
- Nechiphu Tunnel
- Dhola–Sadiya Bridge
- Maitri Setu
How many of the above are in North East India?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All four]
Notes:
All four projects are in Northeast India. The Sela and Nechiphu tunnels are in Arunachal Pradesh, and the Dhola–Sadiya Bridge, also known as Bhupen Hazarika Setu, connects Assam with eastern Arunachal Pradesh. Maitri Setu crosses the Feni River, linking Sabroom in Tripura with Ramgarh in Bangladesh.
Originally written on
November 3, 2026
and last modified on
November 3, 2026.
