How the internal security challenges in Nagaland are different from that in Manipur and Tripura? Explain.
The internal security scenario in north-east is fragile. Insurgency and militancy have created havoc in north-east and are posing serious internal security challenges.
The key common internal security challenges among the states in North-east are
- Proximity to international border
- Open and porous borders.
- Internal conflicts among the tribals under the ambit of protecting the identity.
- Proximity of golden triangle which is hub of drug trafficking.
Internal security challenge in Nagaland: It has its genies in the greater Nagaland movement. The present area of Nagaland is 16,500 sq.km. However, if their demand for Greater Nagaland is accepted, the area will become 120,000 sq.km.
In Nagaland the conflict is mostly intra-ethnic, between the Naga armed groups and there are four major armed groups. The government has got definite leads towards the peace process in Nagaland. An interlocutor led peace process has made certain break through.
Internal security challenges in Manipur:
The conflict in Manipur in inter-ethnic between Nagas, kukis and Meiteis. Manipur suffers from nearly 32 different armed groups. This renders the atmosphere insecure.
Manipur also suffers from deep seated hill-plain divide, where the Meiteis mostly inhabit the fertile Imphal valley, whereas the Nagas and Kukis live in the hill districts. There are no significant peace talks between the union government and the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) in Manipur.
Internal security challenges in Tripura:
Tripura was the state of Tribals. After the partition there was influx of Hindu refugees in the state. There was marginalization of tribals. The tribals having been driven away took up arms demanding their own homeland wanting the migrants to be driven away. When compared to Nagaland and Manipur, Tripura is more peaceful today.
Topics: GS-III: Linkages Between Development and Spread of Extremism