Q. How much tax was fixed on agricultural produce during the Sultanate period?
Answer: 1/3
Notes: During the Sultanate, the state's share was typically one-third of total produce. In fertile areas, rulers like Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad bin Tughlaq imposed taxes up to 50%. Khilji implemented market reforms to control prices, while Tughlaq's taxation was part of broader economic experiments. The agrarian tax system included taxes on irrigation and grazing.