Alveoli are the small balloon-like sacks of 200– 500 ?m diameter, making up a vital part of the respiratory zone of the lungs. Each alveolus (singular) plays an important role in letting oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and from the blood stream during inhalation and exhalation. he balloon-shaped alveoli cover approximately 70 square meter area within the lungs, with this wide surface area contributing towards a more efficient gas exchange.
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