Q. With reference to Mian Tansen, which one of the following statements is not correct? (UPSC Prelims 2019)
Answer:
Tansen was the title given to him by Emperor Akbar.
Notes: The correct answer is
[A] Tansen was the title given to him by Emperor Akbar. While Tansen was the most celebrated musician in Akbar's court, his name predates his arrival at the Mughal capital.
- Statement [A] (Incorrect/Correct Answer): The title 'Tansen' was given to him by Raja Vikramjit of Gwalior, or according to some traditions, by Raja Ramchandra Singh of Rewa (his previous patron), before he joined Akbar's court in 1562. Akbar later conferred upon him the title Mian.
- Statement [B] (Correct): Tansen was a master of the Dhrupad style. Despite his conversion to Islam (and being a disciple of the Sufi saint Mohammad Ghaus), he composed numerous Dhrupads in Gwalior's tradition dedicated to Hindu deities like Ganesha, Shiva, and Shakti.
- Statement [C] (Correct): As a court musician, Tansen composed several songs (Dhrupads and Prabandhas) in praise of his patrons, including Raja Ramchandra of Rewa and later Emperor Akbar. These compositions often highlighted the virtues and victories of the rulers.
- Statement [D] (Correct): Tansen is credited with the creation and refinement of several famous Ragas that are central to Hindustani classical music today. These include Mian ki Malhar, Mian ki Todi, Mian ki Sarang, and Darbari Kanada.