Q. Who is known as the "Father of Qawwali" and "Tuti-e-Hind"?
Answer: Amir Khusro
Notes: Amir Khusro, a Sufi musician, poet, and scholar, is called the “Father of Qawwali” and “Tuti-e-Hind” for his literary and musical innovations in medieval India. He is also known for enriching Hindustani classical music and inventing several musical instruments like the sitar and tabla.