Q. Which of the following is/are the advantage/advantages of practising drip irrigation? - Reduction in weed
- Reduction in soil salinity
- Reduction in soil erosion
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Answer:
1 and 3 only
Notes: The correct answer is
[C] 1 and 3 only. Drip irrigation, also known as "trickle irrigation," involves delivering water drop by drop directly to the root zone of plants through a network of valves, pipes, and emitters.
- Reduction in Weed (Statement 1 – Correct): In drip irrigation, water is applied precisely to the base of the plant rather than flooding the entire field. Since the spaces between the crop rows remain dry, the germination and growth of weeds are significantly reduced.
- Reduction in Soil Erosion (Statement 2 – Incorrect): Unlike surface or furrow irrigation, where water flows over the land and can carry away topsoil, drip irrigation involves no surface runoff. The slow application of water ensures it soaks directly into the ground, thereby preventing soil erosion.
- Reduction in Soil Salinity (Statement 3 – Incorrect): This is a common point of confusion. Drip irrigation can actually increase localized soil salinity if not managed properly. While it uses less water, the lack of "leaching" (where excess water washes salts down below the root zone) can lead to salt accumulation at the edges of the wetted soil area.
- Water Efficiency: Drip irrigation is the most water-efficient method, often achieving more than 90% efficiency by reducing evaporation and deep percolation. It is highly suitable for areas with water scarcity and for high-value row crops like vegetables and orchard fruits.