Q. Which of the following are examples of ex-situ conservation?

1. Botanical gardens
2. National Parks
3. Seed Banks
4. Wildlife Sanctuaries

Select the correct option from the codes given below:
Answer: Only 1 & 3
Notes: Ex-situ conservation involves preserving biodiversity outside their natural habitats. Botanical gardens and seed banks are ex-situ methods. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries conserve species within their natural habitats and thus are in-situ conservation measures. Zoos, botanical gardens, and seed banks are typical ex-situ examples, while parks and sanctuaries are not.