Q. During Delhi Sultanate, who established a new department called Diwan-i-Khairat?
Answer: Firoz Shah Tughlaq
Notes: Firoz Shah Tughlaq established the Diwan-i-Khairat for orphans and widows, founded free hospitals (Dar-ul-Shafa), and marriage bureaus for poor Muslims. He initiated public works like canals, rest houses, and Qutub Minar repairs, planted trees for shade, and created a network of inns (sarai). His reign included the compilation of the Fatawa-e-Firoz Shahi legal text.