Q. In which year was the Treaty of Purandar between Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the Mughals signed?
Answer: 1665 AD
Notes: The Treaty of Purandar was signed in 1665 AD. It was between Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and Raja Jai Singh of Amber, who was chosen by the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb. This treaty resulted in Shivaji surrendering 23 out of his 35 forts to the Mughals, while simultaneously recognising Shivaji's authority over Konkan and parts of Balaghat - a strategic win that reflected Shivaji's diplomatic prowess.

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