Q. What is the first stage of the Demographic transition characterized by?
Answer: High birth rate and high death rate
Notes: Demographic Transition is credited to Frank W Notestein, who gave his theory in 1945. According to this theory, all countries pass through stages of demographic transition, which is accompanied by industrialisation and economic development.
First stage - Stage of high birth rate and high death rate. Birth and death rates are both high. Population growth is slow and fluctuating.