Q. Urban Co-operative banks are governed by?
Answer: Both a and b
Notes: Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) in India are governed by both the State Governments and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The RBI regulates UCBs under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, while state governments oversee their registration and management under the Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act, 1960, or similar state laws. This dual regulation ensures that UCBs operate within a framework that promotes financial stability and consumer protection.