Q. The writ of mandamus cannot be issued against which of the following?
Answer: All of the above
Notes: The writ of mandamus cannot be issued (i) against a private individual; (ii) to enforce departmental instruction that does not possess statutory force; (iii) discretionary duty that is not mandatory; (iv) to enforce a contractual obligation; (v) against the President of India; (vi) State governors; and (vii) against the chief justice of a high court acting in judicial capacity.