Q. With reference to the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India, consider the following statements:

1. The Central Government is responsible for procurement, storage, and bulk allocation of food grains for PDS.
2. The State Governments are responsible for the operational implementation of PDS such as identification of beneficiaries and distribution through fair price shops.

Select the correct option using the codes given below:
Answer: Both 1 and 2
Notes: PDS operates under joint responsibility: the Central Government, mainly through FCI, oversees procurement, storage, transport, and bulk allocation of food grains. State Governments handle identification of beneficiaries, issuance of ration cards, allocation to Fair Price Shops, and day-to-day operations. Thus, both Central and State Governments have distinct but complementary roles in PDS.