Europa, one of Jupiter's moons, has a thicker icy crust than previously thought, possibly limiting access to its subsurface oceans. It is the smallest of Jupiter's Galilean moons, discovered by Galileo in 1610, with a diameter of 3,130 km, slightly smaller than Earth's Moon. Europa's surface is smooth ice, and a saltwater ocean lies beneath, containing twice the water of Earth's oceans. The moon might harbor conditions suitable for life with key chemical elements present. NASA's Europa Clipper, launched on October 14, 2024, aims to explore Europa's potential for supporting life.
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