Q. Consider the following statements regarding biodiversity and species extinction:

1. The loss of biodiversity may lead to a decline in productivity and increase in pest and disease cycles.
2. 'The Evil Quartet' refers to the four major reasons for accelerated rates of species extinctions.

Which of the above statements is / are correct?
Answer: Both 1 and 2
Notes: Loss of biodiversity is linked to reduced ecosystem productivity and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases. ‘The Evil Quartet’—habitat loss, over-exploitation, alien species invasion, and co-extinctions—are recognized as the major anthropogenic causes of current high rates of species extinction. Both statements accurately reflect widely accepted environmental science concepts.