Q. Consider the following aspects of India's planning process:

1. Early plans relied on centralized planning and public sector dominance.
2. The economic crisis of 1991 led to indicative planning instead of directive planning.
3. After 1991, the Planning Commission primarily guided budgetary allocations and sectoral frameworks.
4. Strengthening capital markets was a key agenda of the Eleventh Plan's inclusive growth strategy.

How many of the above statements are correct?
Answer: Only three
Notes: Centralized planning in the early Five-Year Plans emphasized public sector dominance, but by the 1991 crisis, inefficiencies demanded reforms. Post-1991, planning became indicative, coordinating with market forces rather than directing them. The Planning Commission shifted to preparing policy frameworks and budgetary allocation guidance while leaving implementation largely to states and ministries. However, strengthening capital markets was not part of the Eleventh Plan's inclusive growth agenda, which focused instead on poverty, jobs, and equity. Thus, three statements are correct.