Q. Chero chiefdoms had emerged in which of the present states by the twelfth century?
Answer: Bihar and Jharkhand
Notes: In many areas of present-day Bihar and Jharkhand, Chero chiefdoms had emerged by the twelfth century. Raja Man Singh, Akbar's famous general, attacked and defeated the Cheros in 1591. A large amount of booty was taken from them, but they were not entirely subdued. Under Aurangzeb, Mughal forces captured many Chero fortresses and subjugated the tribe. The Mundas and Santhals were among the other important tribes that lived in this region and also in Orissa and Bengal.