The giant frog species Calyptocephallela gayi, also known as the Helmeted Water Toad, is losing habitat in Chile due to climate change and human activities. It is among the largest frogs globally, growing up to 32 cm (13 in) and weighing 1 kg (2.2 lbs). Known as a "living fossil," it existed alongside dinosaurs. It has a broad head, large mouth, and lives in aquatic environments like lakes, rivers, and ponds, found in Chile's lowlands up to 500 m elevation. It is listed as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN. It faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and environmental decline.
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