World Migration Report

The World Migration Report is published by the International Organisation for Migration of the United Nations. It is published every second year. The recently published report is the eleventh in the series. According to the recently published World Migration Report, 30.7 million displacements were triggered in 145 countries.

What are the key findings?

• The displacement due to conflict, disaster and violence has increased in 2020 as compared to 2019. It was 31.5 million in 2019 and it increased to 40.5 million in 2020.
• The report did not provide details on specific inter – country displacements and displacement due to slow onset disasters. However, the overall international migration was less in 2020 as compared to 2019. This was mainly due to COVID-19. The overall international migration between 1970 and 2020 increased from 84 million to 281 million.

What are the findings on displacement due to climate change?

• Storms accounted to 14.6 million displacements
• Floods accounted to 14.1 million displacements
• Extreme temperature displaced 46,000 people
• Droughts displaced 32,000 people. Between 2008 and 2020, droughts displaced 1.1 million people.

Inference

The report brings the migration caused by climate change into focus. Lately, the migration caused by climate change is increasing as compared to the migration caused by violence and conflicts. Apart from United Nations, several other international organisations agree to this. The World Bank estimated that around 143 million will migrate within their country by 2050 because of climate change induced disasters.

Future Predictions

By 2059, droughts will lead to the migration of 22 million more in Africa, 10 million in Asia, 12 million in South America.

Highest Migrations

The maximum number of migrations occurred in Philippines. Around 5.1 million migrated in Philippines in 2020. In China, five million migrated due to natural disasters. In India. Four million migrated due to disasters. Overall, Asia reported the highest migration due to disaster.