Q. With the present state of development, Artificial Intelligence can effectively do which of the following? - Bring down electricity consumption in industrial units
- Create meaningful short stories and songs
- Disease diagnosis
- Text-to-Speech Conversion
- Wireless transmission of electrical energy
Select the correct answer using the code given below: (UPSC Prelims 2020)
Answer:
1, 3 and 4 only
Notes: The official UPSC Key has taken 1, 3 & 4 as correct answer. However, the correct answer (by 2025-26) is
1, 2, 3 and 4 only because AI is now able to generate meaningful shrot stories, videos as well as songs. However, its interaction with physical laws like energy transmission remains limited.
- Statement 1 (Correct): AI is widely used for energy optimization in industrial units. By using sensors and predictive algorithms (Machine Learning), it can forecast demand, optimize heating/cooling systems, and manage power grids to significantly reduce waste.
- Statement 2 (Correct): Generative AI (LLMs) can now create meaningful short stories, poems, and songs. While the "meaning" is derived from statistical patterns in training data, the output is coherent and contextually relevant as of today.
- Statement 3 (Correct): AI excels in disease diagnosis, particularly in medical imaging (Radiology, Pathology). AI algorithms can detect patterns in X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans—often with higher accuracy or speed than human practitioners for specific conditions like skin cancer or diabetic retinopathy.
- Statement 4 (Correct): Text-to-Speech (TTS) conversion is a mature AI technology. Modern "Neural TTS" uses deep learning to produce synthetic speech that mimics human intonation, rhythm, and emotion.
- Statement 5 (Incorrect): Wireless transmission of electrical energy (like the concepts proposed by Nikola Tesla) is a matter of physical engineering and electromagnetics. While AI might help optimize the efficiency of such a system, it cannot "do" the transmission itself, nor is it a core functional capability of AI development today.
The current state of AI is dominated by "Narrow AI," which focuses on specific cognitive tasks involving data processing, pattern recognition, and content generation.