Q. Who among the following formulated and implemented the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’?
Answer: Lord Dalhousie
Notes: Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie. According to which it was customary for a ruler without a natural heir to ask the British Government whether he could adopt a son to succeed him. According to Lord Dalhousie, if such permission was refused by the British, the state would “lapse” and thereby become part of the British India.