Q. Which treaty signed on 5 November 1817 formalized Gwalior-British cooperation against the Pindaris?
Answer: Gwalior Treaty
Notes: The Gwalior Treaty (5 Nov 1817) was signed between Governor-General Lord Hastings and Maharaja Daulet Rao Sindhia of Gwalior. It required Sindhia to provide 5,000 cavalry against the Pindaris and prohibited support to them, reducing Sindhia’s autonomy. This strengthened British influence in Central India and was crucial in suppressing Pindari raids in Malwa.