Answer: United Kingdom
Notes: Scientists at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom and UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) developed the world's first carbon-14 diamond battery using radioactive decay, synthetic diamonds, and plasma chemistry. It uses carbon-14, a radioactive isotope with a 5,700-year half-life, emitting short-range radiation absorbed by solid materials. The battery functions like solar panels but captures fast-moving electrons within the diamond structure. It powers healthcare devices like pacemakers, hearing aids, and ocular devices, lasting years without replacement. It is ideal for extreme environments on Earth and in space, offering a long-lasting power source for spacecraft without needing recharging or replacement.
