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Q. When the Portuguese arrived in India, Which of the following were the foreigners whom they encountered as trade rivals? (UPSC Prelims 1991)
Answer: Arabs
Notes: When the Portuguese arrived in India, the foreigners whom they encountered as trade rivals were the Arabs. The Portuguese eyed the Arab monopoly of Indian spice trade and tried to overthrow the Arabs. They succeeded, however, after continuous battles with the Arabs within twenty years of their arrival in India. Pedro Alvares Cabral led the second voyage in 1500 AD when he brought 17 missionaries to convert the Hindus.
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