Q. When did the Kol revolt begin?
Answer: 1831
Notes: The Kol revolt started in 1831 in the Chotanagpur plateau, now part of Jharkhand. The uprising was led by Budhu Bhagat, Joa Bhagat, and Jhindrai Manki. It involved tribal communities like the Mundas, Oraons, and Hos. They attacked outsiders and colonial authorities over economic exploitation and land issues. The British suppressed the revolt by early 1832 under Captain Wilkinson. The revolt spread from its origin point to Ranchi during its course.