Answer: Restoring soil health and improving agro-waste management
Notes: India generates 350–990 million tonnes of agricultural residues annually, creating challenges in proper management. Most agro-waste is burned or left to decompose, causing air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil organic carbon depletion. Inspired by the Amul Cooperative model, a decentralised rural cooperative system is proposed to convert agro-waste into compost, vermicompost, and biochar. The initiative is termed Brown Revolution 2.0, aimed at restoring soil health, securing food productivity, creating rural livelihoods, and supporting climate commitments. This approach builds on lessons from the first Brown Revolution for tribal leather and coffee promotion.
