Q. Under whose Viceroyalty the Ilbert Bill controversy took place?
Answer: Lord Ripon
Notes: The Viceroy of India, Lord Ripon passed the Ilbert Bill (1883) which enabled Indian district magistrates to try European criminals. But this was withdrawn later due to intense opposition in Britain and from British settlers in India. The bitter controversy deepened antagonism between the British and Indians and was a prelude to the formation of the Indian National Congress (INC)

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