Q. 'R2 Code of Practices' constitutes a tool available for promoting the adoption of (UPSC Prelims 2021)
Answer:
environmentally responsible practices in electronics recycling industry
Notes: The correct answer is
[A] environmentally responsible practices in electronics recycling industry. The R2 (Responsible Recycling) Standard is a premier global environmental, worker health, and safety standard for the electronics refurbishing and recycling sector.
- Electronics Recycling (Statement A – Correct): R2, managed by SERI (Sustainable Electronics Recycling International), provides a common set of processes, safety measures, and documentation requirements for businesses that repair and recycle used electronics. It focuses on the "circular economy" by ensuring that electronic waste (e-waste) is handled in a way that protects the environment, the health of workers, and data security.
- Ramsar Convention (Statement B – Incorrect): The ecological management of wetlands is governed by the guidelines of the Ramsar Convention (1971), which uses concepts like "wise use" rather than the R2 Code.
- Agricultural Practices (Statement C – Incorrect): Sustainable agriculture on degraded lands usually falls under frameworks like UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification) or GlobalG.A.P. standards.
- Environmental Impact Assessment (Statement D – Incorrect): EIA is a statutory process regulated by national laws (like India's EIA Notification, 2006) and international best practices, but it is not governed by the R2 Code.
The R2 Standard has evolved over time (currently R2v3), emphasizing the "Hierarchy of Responsible Management Strategies," which prioritizes reuse and refurbishment over materials recovery and disposal.