| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Eripatti | Land, revenue from which was set apart for the maintenance of the village tank |
| Taniyurs | Villages donated to a single Brahmin or a group of Brahmins |
| Ghatikas | Colleges generally attached to the temples |
Answer: 1 and 3
Notes: The correct answer is [D] 1 and 3. These terms represent specific administrative and educational institutions prevalent in South Indian history, particularly during the Pallava and Chola periods.
- Eripatti (Pair 1 – Correct): In the Chola administration, Eripatti referred to "tank land." This was land donated by individuals or the state, the revenue from which was specifically earmarked for the maintenance, desilting, and repair of the village irrigation tank (Eri).
- Ghatikas (Pair 3 – Correct): Ghatikas were prominent educational institutions or colleges in ancient South India, most notably during the Pallava dynasty. They were usually attached to temples and served as centers of higher learning for the Vedas and other shastras. The most famous was the Ghatika at Kanchi.
- Taniyurs (Pair 2 – Incorrect): A Taniyur (or Thaniyur) was a large, prosperous village that was granted an independent administrative status, functioning as a separate revenue unit under the Cholas. It was not a village donated specifically to Brahmins; such villages were known as Brahmadeya or Agrahara.
- Administrative Hierarchy: To provide context, the Chola empire was divided into Mandalams (provinces), Valanadus, Nadus (districts), and Kurrams (villages). A Taniyur was essentially a village that had grown large enough to be treated as its own Nadu.
