Q. Where was the Gandhara Kingdom located during the Later Vedic period?
Answer: Rawalpindi and Peshawar districts of Pakistan
Notes: Gandhara was an ancient kingdom mainly in the Peshawar Valley, covering areas including the Swat valley and Potohar plateau in present-day Pakistan. It also extended into northeastern Afghanistan near Jalalabad. The core locations align with Rawalpindi and Peshawar districts.