Q. Consider the following statements:

1. During osmosis, the solvent moves from the dilute solution to the concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane.
2. In reverse osmosis, external pressure is applied to the concentrated solution to reverse the natural flow of solvent.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Answer: Both 1 and 2
Notes: Osmosis is the movement of solvent from a region of lower solute concentration (dilute solution) to higher solute concentration (concentrated solution) via a semipermeable membrane. In reverse osmosis, an external pressure is applied to the concentrated side, forcing solvent from concentrated to dilute side, effectively reversing the natural osmosis process.