Q. Consider the following statements regarding temperature inversion and fog in the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh:

1. Temperature inversion during winter leads to the trapping of moisture and pollutants near the ground.
2. This phenomenon results in persistent dense fog, especially in December and January.
3. Temperature inversion encourages strong upward convection of warm air during daytime.
4. Humidity levels remain high, but visibility improves due to increased air mixing.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Answer: Only 1 and 2
Notes: In the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh, temperature inversion occurs when cold air is trapped near the surface by warmer air aloft, particularly in winter. This suppresses convection and traps moisture and pollutants, causing high humidity and dense, persistent fog (Statements 1 and 2). Statements 3 and 4 are incorrect because inversion suppresses, not encourages, convection and does not improve visibility.