Q. Consider the following differences between ‘gharial’ and ‘mugger crocodile’:
- While gharial is listed as critically endangered; mugger crocodile as vulnerable.
- While gharial is a freshwater species; mugger crocodile is a saltwater species.
- While gharial is extinct in Indian subcontinent; mugger crocodile is extinct only in Bhutan and Myanmar.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer:
Only 1
Notes:
- The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus), also known as gavial or fish-eating crocodile belongs to Gavialidae family. Adult males have a distinct boss at the end of the snout, which resembles an earthenware pot known as a ghara, hence the name "gharial". It is an indicator species of fresh river water. Once found from Pakistan to Myanmar, the reptile's range has shrunk to two countries: India, along the Chambal, Girwa, and Son Rivers; and Nepal, along the Narayani River. The Satkosia gorge in the Mahanadi is the southernmost limit of gharials. These are listed as critically endangered in IUCN Red Data book. The gharial is listed on CITES Appendix I and also protected under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
- The mugger crocodile is a freshwater crocodile and can also be found in lakes, rivers and marshes where the wate is slow moving and shallow. It is found throughout the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding countries, including India, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. It is already extinct in Bhutan and Myanmar. It is listed as vulnerable in IUCN Red Data book. It is listed on CITES Appendix I and also protected under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.