Q. Under article 368 the Indian Constitution provide methods of Amendment of different portions of the constitution?
Answer: 3
Notes: The three methods of amendment of the constitution are as follows:

1. By Simple Majority of Parliament Some changes such as admission, formation of new states and making changes into territorial boundaries of the states, abolition and creation of legislative councils etc. can be done like any other ordinary law by simple majority.
2. By Special Majority of the Parliament Most of the provisions of the constitution need to be amended by special majority i.e. majority of more than 50% of total membership and 2/3rd members present and voting. Some of the amendments included in it are Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles etc.
3. By Special Majority of the Parliament and Ratification by half of the State Legislatures There are a few provisions in which interest of the states and federal features of the constitution may be involved. Such bills first need to be passed on both the houses of the parliament and then need to secure ratification by half of the state legislatures. Examples include those related to Centre-State Relations, Election of the President etc.

3

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