Q. Kavach 4.0, which was seen in the news, is an automatic train protection system introduced by which organization?
Answer: Research Design and Standards Organization (RDSO)
Notes: Kavach 4.0 is an advanced automatic train protection system developed by Research Design and Standards Organization (RDSO) of Indian Railways to enhance safety and efficiency in train operations. This system aims to prevent accidents by minimizing human error through technology-driven solutions. All locomotives with the previous Kavach version will be upgraded to the new 4.0 version. The North Frontier Railway network, covering 1,966 kilometers from Malda Town to Dibrugarh, is the first area for Kavach 4.0 implementation.

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