Q. Consider the following pairs with respect to classical political geographers and their theories: - Halford Mackinder – “Heartland Theory” linking global power to control of Eurasia
- Alfred Mahan – Advocated “Sea Power” theory as a determinant of geopolitical influence
- Nicholas Spykman – Known for articulating the “Rimland Theory” of global power
- Friedrich Ratzel – Proposed “Rimland Theory” in geopolitics
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
Answer:
1, 2 and 3
Notes: Halford Mackinder authored the “Heartland Theory”; Alfred Mahan is credited for the “Sea Power” theory; Nicholas Spykman is known for the “Rimland Theory”. However, Friedrich Ratzel is not linked to the Rimland Theory but is known for the concept of “Lebensraum”. Therefore, only pairs 1, 2 and 3 are correctly matched.