Q. With respect to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), consider the following statements:
- It divides marine areas into four main zones.
- It is legally binding and is the only international convention which stipulates a framework for state jurisdiction in maritime spaces.
- It also deals with matters of territorial disputes or to resolve issues of sovereignty.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer:
Only 2
Notes:
- The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982 is an international agreement that establishes the legal framework for marine and maritime activities.
- It is also known as Law of the Sea. It divides marine areas into five main zones namely- Internal Waters, Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the High Seas.
- It is the only international convention which stipulates a framework for state jurisdiction in maritime spaces. It provides a different legal status to different maritime zones.
- It provides the backbone for offshore governance by coastal states and those navigating the oceans.
- UNCLOS does not deal with matters of territorial disputes or to resolve issues of sovereignty, as that field is governed by rules of customary international law on the acquisition and loss of territory.
- The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14 has a target regarding conservative and sustainable use of oceans and their resources in line with UNCLOS legal framework.